Acne vulgaris is an inflammation of the hair follicle and associated sebaceous glands. The disease manifests itself in the form of comedones, (open as black dots or closed as white dots), papules, pustules and inflammatory processes called nodules. The disease is most common on the face, neck, shoulders, back. It settles in seborrheic areas such as the chest, that is, in areas where oil secretion is high.
Many factors play a role in the formation of acne. Hormonal activation, increased sebaceous gland secretion, microorganisms at the bottom of the hair (Propionibacterium acnes) and thickening of the hair follicles are the most important of these factors. Besides, genetic predisposition, environmental factors (such as poor hygiene) and sometimes foods trigger acne formation. .
Although acne is mainly seen in adolescence, it can occur at any age. Lesions usually begin between the ages of 12-14 and are most intense between the ages of 16-19. Sometimes it can start around the age of 10. Almost all people have more or less acne vulgaris lesions throughout their life. The disease can sometimes continue between the ages of 20-30 and after, depending on hormonal effects in women.
Although acne is perceived as a physiological process by most people, if it is not treated and controlled, it can leave serious permanent scars. The clinical images it creates can lead to dysmorphobic reactions (a disease of exaggerating visual defects) and permanent psychological disorders in young people.
Acne can occur for other reasons besides the factors above. Some drugs can cause acne. Local or systemic cortisone treatments, some drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis, some drugs used in epilepsy, hormonal drugs, halogen drugs such as iodine and bromide can cause acne.
Cosmetic acne, which is becoming more common nowadays, is cosmetic acne. Cosmetic agents that increase oil secretion, clog hair follicles and are used unconsciously can cause acne. The form called acne excoriation is generally seen in young people with psychological problems. Acne lesions are created by the person. In the treatment of acne excoria, a psychological approach is required in addition to dermatological agents.
Occupational acne, on the other hand, is seen in occupational groups exposed to certain agents. Acne lesions are common in those who come into contact with substances such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, industrial solvents, coal tar derivatives, petroleum jelly and oils during their work. People with endocrine disorders such as Cushing’s disease and polycystic ovary syndrome also develop an acne variant called endocrine acne.
Acne Vulgaris is a clinical process that takes place at a stage of life rather than a disease. This process can be mild, moderate or severe. The thing to do is to pass this process without leaving any damage. This process can sometimes take a long time and may require patience. As each individual’s acne lesions are different, each individual’s treatment is also different. A dermatologist must be contacted.
