Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome (DNS)
Dysplastic nevus syndrome (DNS) or familial atypical multiple mole-melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome is an inherited condition that produces multiple atypical moles throughout the body. Individuals with this condition are at an increased risk of developing melanoma throughout their lifetime and therefore should be screened regularly by a dermatologist. During the scanning of atypical moles, whole body photos can also be taken with digital dermoscopy, etc. tools to help detect any development, change or growth in atypical moles, the moles are numbered, and the controls are made on the photos, a newly emerging pigmented lesion is easily noticed. Patients with DNS are also given skin self-examination training in the interval between dermatology appointments and are advised to do this check-up once a month.
Should the atypical mole be removed?
Atypical moles can be considered as precancerous because they are more likely to turn into melanoma than normal moles. However, not every person with atypical moles will develop melanoma. In fact, most moles, both commonplace and atypical, never develop into cancer, leading to cancer. As such, it is unnecessary to surgically remove all dysplastic nevi. A significant number of cases with atypical moles develop melanoma from normal skin. However, professional screening and monitoring of all mole types, including dysplastic nevi, is key to detecting and effectively treating cancerous moles at an early stage.
What Factors Increase the Chances of Melanoma?
Melanoma typically results from a combination of genetic, environmental, and host factors. The most common environmental risk factor for melanoma is ultraviolet (UV) radiation from unprotected sun exposure, tanning, lifetime sun exposure or severe sunburns. A high number of dysplastic nevi is an important host risk factor. Additional host factors include increased freckling; poor tanning ability; light skin; light hair and eye color; and a family history of melanoma. The best way to prevent melanoma is to limit exposure to sunlight and practice a proper sun care routine.
What should people with dysplastic nevus do?
People with and without dysplastic nevi should protect their skin from the sun and avoid using solariums and sun lamps. Effective sun protection and UV protection are even more important for those with dysplastic nevi. People with one or more dysplastic nevi should make an appointment for regular screening by their dermatologist. If a single dysplastic nevus will not cause an aesthetic problem, it is recommended to be removed surgically. People with more than five dysplastic nevi with a family history of melanoma should have a skin exam every few months. In people with dysplastic nevi, changes in the color, size, shape, texture or height of the nevus are observed; if a dry or scaly layer of skin develops over the nevus; if hardening or lumping (nodule) is observed in me; if you feel itchy or irritated; If bleeding or fluid leaking occurs in me, a physician should be consulted for skin cancer screening.
